Authors:
Sergio M. Navarro, BS, Eric Y. Wang, BS, Heather S. Haeberle, BS, Michael A. Mont, MD, Viktor E. Krebs, MD, Brendan M. Patterson, MD, MBA, Prem N. Ramkumar, MD, MBA
Abstract:
Background
Value-based and patient-specific care represent 2 critical areas of focus that have yet to be fully reconciled by today’s bundled care model. Using a predictive naïve Bayesian model, the objectives of this study were (1) to develop a machine-learning algorithm using preoperative big data to predict length of stay (LOS) and inpatient costs after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and (2) to propose a tiered patient-specific payment model that reflects patient complexity for reimbursement.
Methods
Using 141,446 patients undergoing primary TKA from an administrative database from 2009 to 2016, a Bayesian model was created and trained to forecast LOS and cost. Algorithm performance was determined using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and the percent accuracy. A proposed risk-based patient-specific payment model was derived based on outputs.
Results
The machine-learning algorithm required age, race, gender, and comorbidity scores (“risk of illness” and “risk of morbidity”) to demonstrate a high degree of validity with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.7822 and 0.7382 for LOS and cost. As patient complexity increased, cost add-ons increased in tiers of 3%, 10%, and 15% for moderate, major, and extreme mortality risks, respectively.
Conclusion
Our machine-learning algorithm derived from an administrative database demonstrated excellent validity in predicting LOS and costs before primary TKA and has broad value-based applications, including a risk-based patient-specific payment model.
View Study:
